This report from Demos (Executive Summary) is part of the Progressive Conservatism Project, a Demos initiative which explores how radical conservative philosophy, politics and policy can serve progressive goals. It looks at two estates, Balsall Heath and Castle Vale, “which have engaged in an extraordinary renewal that has involved residents, the third sector and business. The stories of these estates are not without disappointments but they are crucial to understand what success communities can achieve on their own, what help may be needed and where there are barriers to real empowerment and change. In learning from the achievements of these estates government can develop the policy tools to make the ‘Big Society’ a reality for deprived areas across the UK”.